Renewable energy has received high levels of attention in recent years as an alternative to traditional hydrocarbons.  Governments, industry and consumers have adopted and promoted renewable technologies in response to concerns about energy security and the environment, and as a solution to...

The 21st century could see the switch from the fossil fuel to the biological based economy. Agriculture could be rejuvenated as a source of bioenergy and biomaterials, as well as providing food and fibres. The relative costs of fossil fuels and agricultural biomass will clearly play a key role

Amid a shifting global energy landscape driven by concerns about climate change and fossil fuel depletion, there is a heightened need to move toward sustainable energy sources. Although there has been a significant increase in investments in renewable energy (RE) globally, there is still a...

Chapter 1. The Root Causes of Our Environmental Crises We Ignore -- Chapter 2. Risks From Transition to Low Carbon Energies and Global Warming for FSU Countries -- Chapter 3. The General Situation with Climate Change in the World and Risk Assessment for the Global Economy -- Chapter 4. Why the...

Countries should focus on the improvements to achieve sustainable development goals. However, taking these actions create some operational costs. Thus, it is appropriate for rising nations to prioritize sustainable development objectives. Due to this condition, more critical sustainable...