Chapter 1. Geodemographics and urban planning analysis: an historical review -- Chapter 2. When is Competition Between Cities for Members of the Creative Class Efficient? -- Chapter 3. Revisiting Marshallian versus Walrasian Stability in an Experimental Market -- Chapter 4. Analysis of spatial...

Urbanization is going on in China. This paper considers the optimal process of urbanization in a theoretic framework. We already have the Henry George theorem, which asserts that the optimal amount of the public goods should equal the total amount of land rent for the optimal distribution of the...

This paper constructs a simple Malthusian model to explain per capita income differences in the Malthusian era by focusing on regional variations in the expansion of the commercial sector. This paper shows that a larger productivity improvement in the skilled intensive commercial sector relative...

This paper first presents the optimal conditions for strategic R&D investment policy in the cases of noncooperative and cooperative R&D investment policies with international rivalry. Then we deal with a model of strategic product (i.e., quality-improving) R&D investment competition. In...

In economically developed countries, aging of the population with fewer children is progressing. Social security benefits such as pensions and elderly care are increasing. In a society with fewer children, it is difficult for a government to provide sufficient pension benefits for older people...