In this paper, we reconsider the valuation equilibrium concept (Jehiel and Samet, 2007) and partly endogenise the grouping of actions entailed in the concept. In particular, we allow players to differentiate between a priori similar actions based on differences in the preceding history. Yet,...

This paper analyzes a two-player all-pay auction with incomplete information. More precisely, one bidder is uncertain about the size of the initial advantage of his rival modeled as a head start in the auction. I derive the unique Bayesian Nash equilibrium outcome for a large class of cumulative...