This paper estimates household preferences for ethanol (E85) as a gasoline (E10) substitute. I develop a theoretical model linking the shape of the ethanol demand curve to the underlying distribution among households of willingness to pay for ethanol. I estimate the model using instrumental...

Alcohols are increasingly used as fuels for spark ignition engines. While ethanol is most commonly used, long chain alcohols such as butanol feature several advantages like increased heating value and reduced corrosive action. This study investigated the effect of fueling a port injection engine...

This paper evaluates next generation biomass derived fuels for the transport sector, employing the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Eight different alternatives of fuels are considered in this paper: bio-hydrogen, bio-synthetic natural gas, bio-dimethyl ether, bio-methanol, hydro thermal upgrading...

The transport sector represents a major item on the global balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Natural gas is considered the alternative fuel that, in the short-medium term, can best substitute conventional fuels in order to reduce their environmental impact, because it is readily...

With the increasing concerns about the petroleum reserve, and the global warming, people have been looking for renewable and environmental friendly energy sources to supplement and replace fossil fuels. Ethanol has been an appropriate substitute to fossil fuels. Currently, E10 and E85 are two of...

European Union supports alternative fuels, in particular, biofuels to comply with the triple objective of reducing greenhouse gases emissions, diversifying fuel supply and developing long-term replacements for fossil fuels. The European Community set the goal to substitute 20% of the fossil...

I explain the recent peak and subsequent collapse in oil prices by strategic interaction between a limit-pricing oil cartel and an importer producing substitutes to oil, with productin costs falling with R&D investment. The model is consistent with reported narratives of the oil price collapse....

Oil seed plants have been one of the biomass sources of fuel. Vegetable oils may be employed in CI engines as an alternative fuel. In this study, diesel fuel properties of sunflower oil were determined and long term engine tests of sunflower oil were performed. Engine tests were conducted at a...

An experimental investigation of emissions characteristics of lower–higher molecular mass alcohol blended gasoline fuels is presented in this paper. The alcohol component of the blends consisted of methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol and pentanol. Apparatuses used in the present study were a...

One of the major problems for the successful application of gasoline–alcohol mixtures as a motor fuel is the realization of a stable homogeneous liquid phase. To overcome this problem, a new carburetor was designed. With the use of this new carburetor, not only the phase problem was solved but...