Undesirable outputs are often produced together with desirable outputs. This joint production of good and bad outputs brings about a difficulty for productivity measurement. Here we introduce a directional distance function and use it as a component in a new productivity index. This index, as an...

A standard result in the theory of production under price risk is that if forward cover is available, production is determined in terms of the known, quoted forward or futures price, rather than expectations of future prices. In practice, however, primary production often involves joint or...

This article presents alternative estimates for the demand for UN and non-UN peacekeeping. Generally, three-way fixed-effects models, which account for the country, year, and conflict region, provide the best estimates. The demand for UN peacekeeping is primarily influenced by the contributions...

In his comprehensive critique of current economic approaches to social capital, Durlauf (2002) recommends a stronger reliance on methods of experimental economics and social psychology. This paper surveys different notions of social capital and submits an alternative conceptual approach based on...