dependent upon northern markets and the German Hanseatic League as the major vehicle in marketing their textiles. In several … markets and had comprised the bulk of northern textile shipments to this region; (2) to encourage most draperies in the Low …-says; but they were able to do so only when structural changes in European markets and trading networks, with falling …

’. Furthermore, in Flanders, a considerable number of small-town and village producers engaged in precisely the same industrial re … exclusively, for fear of losing customers, ensured their own rapid decline, indeed losing markets to both the English cloth trade …

purchasing power of industrial wages) that only the very rich could afford to buy these textiles: that the principal markets were …

functioning of modern impersonal markets. I find that these modernizing cities became distinct in their consumption of ``bourgeois … markets evolve …

-eminent leaders - those in the southern Low Countries (Flanders and Brabant); and in Mediterranean markets of this era, Florentine … reorientation to very narrow luxury markets, with very restricted demand; and especially the complete dependence on imported, tax …