draws on sobering case evidence from Bristol relating to the experience of social entrepreneurs, employees and volunteers …

Argues that empowerment programmes aim at inducing “entrepreneurial” behaviours and attitudes in employees, and that … ownership stakes for employees, the continued power of formal authority, all militate against the objectives of true empowerment …/OD executives in organizations which have introduced empowerment to substantiate the claims made.  …

to improve entrepreneurs' internet/digital skills and firms' digital competencies, whilst also boosting empowerment and … development goals No. 4 (lifelong learning opportunities), No. 5 (empowerment), No. 8 (growth), and No. 10 (reduced inequalities …). The current study presents the outcomes of a business apps training intervention, targeting immigrant entrepreneurs …

. Applying our measure to Egyptian household budget surveys, we estimate the population size of the middle class in Egypt and … people at the lower end of income distribution will graduate into the middle class category. The increase in poverty rates … and decline in the size of the middle class since 2005 indicates that the growth process in Egypt was anti-poor and anti …

devastating consequences on the household economic status that would push them into extreme poverty. Using nationally … representative surveys from three Arab countries, namely, Egypt, Jordan, and Palestine, this paper examines the incidence, intensity … and distribution of catastrophic health payments, and assesses the poverty impact of out-of-pocket health payments (OOP …

Social programmes for poverty alleviation involve eligibility rules and transfer rules that often proxy-means tests. We … propose to specify the estimator in connection with the poverty alleviation problem. Three distinct stages emerge from the …-values of living standards plugged into the poverty minimization programme to obtain the transfer amounts. We apply these …