A Turgo turbine with a pico scale (5 kW) is one solution to supplying electrical energy in remote areas because of its low construction costs and ease of maintenance. Based on empirical equations, the ratio of the wheel (D) and nozzle diameter (d), or D/d, of a Turgo turbine must be determined...

A Turgo turbine with a pico scale (5 kW) is one solution to supplying electrical energy in remote areas because of its low construction costs and ease of maintenance. Based on empirical equations, the ratio of the wheel (D) and nozzle diameter (d), or D∕d, of a Turgo turbine must be determined...

Turbine types suit specific ranges of head, flow rate and shaft speed and are usually categorised by specific speed. In the pico range, under 5 kW, the requirements are often different to that of larger scale turbines and qualitative requirements become more influential in selection. Pico hydro...

Pico-hydropower is a viable technology that can be integrated into a decentralized, off-grid approach to rural electrification in regions that currently have only limited access to electricity. The Turgo turbine is classified as an impulse turbine, similar to the Pelton wheel, often used in...

Purpose The paper presents a techno-economic analysis of the electromechanical equipment of traditional vertical axis water mills (VAWMs) to help investors, mill owners and engineers to preliminary estimate related benefits and costs of a VAWM repowering. Design/methodology/approach Two...

Electrical power is essential in commercial, economic and social investments especially in emergent countries. Hydropower energy has become one of the most suitable and efficient sources of renewable energy, though it has taken more than a century of experience to actually generate efficient...

This paper explores the performance characteristics of a split reaction water turbine. The governing equations are derived by using the principles of conservation of mass, momentum and energy for a practical case, which includes consideration of frictional losses. The optimum diameter for a...

This paper presents an analysis for penstock optimization, for low head microhydro schemes. The intent of the optimization is to minimize capital cost per kilowatt rather than maximize the energy from the site. It is shown that site slope is an important consideration that affects the economics.

Large potential of energy still remains untapped in irrigation canals in central and southern parts of India and other countries. This energy can be utilised to augment the gap between demand and supply. The advantages of low-head canal-based small hydropower (SHP) schemes are that being in a...

This paper is an overview of a program that is in the final stages of developing a modular set of cost-effective microhydro schemes for site heads below those currently serviced by Pelton Wheels. The rationale has been that there is a multitude of viable low-head sites in isolated areas where...