One objective of retail electricity markets is to enable end-use consumers to incorporate their reliability preferences into their purchasing decisions. This paper investigates if and how this can be done in electricity markets with a capacity requirement. It integrates the standard loss of load...

This paper presents a novel analytical model for the determination of optimal sizing of standalone photovoltaic (PV) systems with least cost and predetermined reliability to satisfy load. Algebraic equations for optimal PV array area (Aopt), optimal useful battery storage capacity (Cu,opt) and...

One objective of retail electricity markets is to enable end-use consumers to incorporate their reliability preferences into their purchasing decisions. This paper investigates if and how this can be done in electricity markets with a capacity requirement. It integrates the standard loss of load...

The wide scale deployment of variable renewable energy technologies (VREs) offers a pathway to decarbonize the electric grid. One challenge to reliably operating the grid is ensuring that sufficient generating capacity is available to meet demand at all hours. By determining an individual...

By virtue of the vital nature of electric power, both to our economic and personal well being, a power system is expected to supply electrical energy as economically as possible, and with a high degree of quality and reliability. The developed countries in general place higher reliability...

The modeling of various renewable energy resources is proposed by considering daily operation profile. The forced outage rate of renewable unit can be obtained by using the equivalent forced outage rate. Generation reliability is then evaluated under the presence of renewable energy resources....

Purpose: Frequent sudden-onset disasters which have threatened the survival of human and the development of society force the public to pay an increasing attention to emergency management. A challenging task in the process of emergency management is emergency dispatch of reliefs. An emergency...