The CIS trade regime can be characterised as a mix of, partly overlapping, weak, bilateral, subregional, and multilateral agreements. This is a result of the design of the CIS, which was explicitly constructed to allow its member states to participate in only those parts that they deemed in...

This paper analyzes empirically whether the ratification of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), advocating the multiple dimensions of women’s rights, affects the level of women’s rights in a country. Measuring commitments to the CEDAW based...

This paper studies the decision to ratify United Nations Human Rights Treaties (HRT). We present new empirical evidence that sheds light on who ratifies when and why. For a foreign aid receiving country, high levels of predetermined treaty participation relative to other aid recipients has a...

Competition is a main feature of the free market, the content of which enriched the community evolvement. Various known forms of the type according to the market which is manifested. The increasing complexity of economic and social life requiring multiple measures regulations of various types of...

South Africa was always a main interest region for European countries. The United Kingdom, the Netherlands, France and many others at lesser extent, tried to establish control over the country due to its special geographical position. On the other hand, since 1948, South Africa had been...

Excessive risk-taking in the banking industry has led to the default of firms and to increased systemic risks as demonstrated during the previous financial crisis. The causes of this excessive risk taking are numerous and complex. However, it is now consensus that inappropriate remuneration...

Energy’s significance is accepted by everyone. However, its definition is different for every academic discipline. For scientists, energy is an indirectly observed quantity which is sustained for physical activity. In social sciences, energy has various definitions. Political science energy...

The infraction victims suffer certain consequences that can be of material, physical-biological, social and moral (psychological) nature. Through committing certain infractions, the victims are caused the loss of some organs or senses or the ceasing of their functioning, physical or psychical...

This article discusses recent developments related to recognition of the link between human rights and climate change in international human rights forums. It focuses on the main human rights body of the United Nations, the Human Rights Council, which has addressed climate change in three...

This year we celebrate 30 years since the CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA was adopted and signed in Montego Bay – Jamaica, at 10th December 1982. As at 03 June 2012, the number of parties to UNCLOS stood at 162, including the Cook Islands and Niue including the European Community.United...