This paper reviews the experience of undertaking reforms in Indonesia after the economic crisis 1997/98, focusing on the reforms made under the last two presidents - Megawati and Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono. The review leads the paper to draw some lessons from the experience. Among other, the role...

Competition policy has become one of the key elements of national economic policy in many countries around the world. This is due to the important role that competition plays in ensuring that markets efficiently produce goods and services that best meet evolving consumer demands. This paper...

There has been a fundamental development in theory and understanding of market, private, collective and public organizations in recent years. This paper incorporates achievements of the interdisciplinary New Institutional and Transaction Costs Economics (combining Economics, Organization, Law,...

Urbanism is a focus on cities and urban areas, their geography, economies, politics, social characteristics, as well as the effects on, and caused by, the built environment; it is linked to various aspects of quality of life: education, culture, justice, labour, environment, health, safety,...

RESUMENEl deber ser de las localidades de Bogotá se encuentra en entredicho por el particular marco legal que las regula y la relegada posición que les endilga, administrativamente, el Gobierno distrital, mostrándolas como las figuras territoriales que aportan poco al desarrollo de la ciudad....

This paper uses a unique dataset to investigate the effect of the cognitive ability of leading politicians on state capacity. Given the evidence that cognitive ability of leading politicians’ affects state capacity positively, except Africa. For the continent, this relationship between state...

In many countries, pension funds based on individual accounts have been affected by high operating costs. Contract theory helps to unravel the nature of such problems: managers of pension funds have strong incentives to manipulate market expectations about their capacity through wasteful...

Efficiency of privatization depends on the transformation cost and the quality of the state as well as the quality of the market. An analysis of these and some other factors allows to explain diversity of privatization outcomes in different countries and to formulate general principles of the...

How did modern and centralized fiscal institutions emerge? We develop a model that explains (i) why pre-industrial states relied on private individuals to collect taxes; (ii) why after 1600 both England and France moved from competitive methods for collecting revenues to allocating the right to...

Using a theoretical recursive model based on cognitive synergy measured by five dimensions (economical, judiciary, civil conflict, geography, and urban) as restrictions to allow better results on institutional quality, the research shows a link between economic, social, and political environment...