This article studies the determinants of gender political quota and enforcement sanctions, two key policy instruments for increasing female participation in politics. We find a novel empirical fact: language (the pervasiveness of gender distinctions in grammar) is the most significant related...

Previous literature has studied the factors that influence investment advisor misconduct. However, most advisors have not engaged in misconduct. We establish that advisors with clean records are likely to leave firms that exhibit increased misconduct to firms with fewer occurrences. This...

Stock market cycles affect an investment advisor's income, as a significant portion of their compensation is fees from AUM. However, the effect of the market-induced variation in income on the advisor's propensity to commit misconduct is unclear. Given no change in expected lifetime income, it...