The partial privatization of the Russian energy industry with retained state regulation has made it impossible to … produce targeted market models. In the paper the paths of the 2001 and 2008 reforms in the electricity and gas industries and …

, regulated revenue. This paper analyses the dynamic behaviour of inefficiency for a balanced panel of 128 Norwegian electricity …

The absence of one broadly accepted design template for liberalised electricity markets induces regulatory competition … accelerate or impede the move to one standard market design in the electricity sector. It reveals that market design convergence … the Florence School of Regulation. In contrast, the United States' Federal Energy Regulatory Commission lacks support …

achieve quantitative goals for reducing energy use by a certain year. EERS policies generally apply to electricity and natural … gas sales and electricity peak demand, though they also cover other energy sources in Europe. Our study aggregates …Energy efficiency resource standards (EERS) refer to policies that require utilities and other covered entities to …

This essay concerns the ways in which public services – particularly household services such as communications, energy …

The European Commission has formally recognised that adequate provision of basic household services, including energy …, electricity and telecommunications, in two large countries, Spain and the United Kingdom. In telecommunications, but to a much … lesser extent in electricity, we find evidence that reform has led to a “two-track” Europe, where citizens who are elderly …

harnessing large amounts of renewable energy. This paper addresses the economic implications of different development scenarios … such a scheme, namely the incumbent electricity generating firms in France, Germany, and Poland, as well as the consumers …

The German electricity market has recovered well from the 2022 energy crisis. Policymakers should now redirect the … focus of energy policy to further expanding renewable energy sources. The year 2023 showed that the German electricity … climate policy to cover 80 percent of electricity consumption with renewable energy sources, as the German Renewable Energy …

the future market design in the energy sector. Since current sources of reactive power are primarily fossil-fuel power … plants which will not be available in a carbon neutral energy system, reactive power will be sources from distributed assets … in the electricity networks. The German regulator has proposed new rules for reactive power procurement, which are based …