The implementation of European Union directives into national law is at the discretion of member states. We analyze … incentives for member states to deviate from these directives when the European Commission may sue a defecting member state and … rulings at the European Court of Justice (ECJ) are uncertain. We find that higher uncertainty about the preferences of the ECJ …

The implementation of European Union directives into national law is at the discretion of member states. We analyze … incentives for member states to deviate from these directives when the European Commission may sue a defecting member state and … rulings at the European Court of Justice (ECJ) are uncertain. We find that higher uncertainty about the preferences of the ECJ …

The implementation of European Union directives into national law is at the discretion of member states. We analyze … incentives for member states to deviate from these directives when the European Comission may sue a defecting member state and … rulings at the European Court of Justice (ECJ) are uncertain. We find that higher uncertainty about the prefrences of the EJC …

The implementation of European Union directives into national law is at the discretion of member states. We analyze … incentives for member states to deviate from these directives when the European Commission may sue a defecting member state and … rulings at the European Court of Justice (ECJ) are uncertain. We find that higher uncertainty about the preferences of the ECJ …

The implementation of European Union directives into national law is at the discretion of member states. We analyze … incentives for member states to deviate from these directives when the European Commission may sue a defecting member state and … rulings at the European Court of Justice (ECJ) are uncertain. We find that higher uncertainty about the preferences of the ECJ …

. -- European Union law ; directives ; compliance ; European Court of Justice ; court behavior ; uncertainty ; legal process …The implementation of European Union directives into national law is at the discretion of member states. We analyze … incentives for member states to deviate from these directives when the European Commission may sue a defecting member state and …

. -- European Union law ; directives ; compliance ; European Court of Justice ; court behavior ; uncertainty ; legal process …The implementation of European Union directives into national law is at the discretion of member states. We analyze … incentives for member states to deviate from these directives when the European Commission may sue a defecting member state and …

. -- European Union law ; directives ; compliance ; European Court of Justice ; court behavior ; uncertainty ; legal process …The implementation of European Union directives into national law is at the discretion of member states. We analyze … incentives for member states to deviate from these directives when the European Comission may sue a defecting member state and …

The implementation of European Union directives into national law is at the discretion of member states. We analyze … incentives for member states to deviate from these directives when the European Commission may sue a defecting member state and … rulings at the European Court of Justice (ECJ) are uncertain. We find that higher uncertainty about the preferences of the ECJ …