Using a structured design methodology, we develop an eXcient iterated local search metaheuristic for the water distribution network design optimisation problem. The algorithm outperforms existing algorithms in the literature while being considerably less complex. Our approach is — contrary to...

In this paper, we present a variant of the vehicle routing problem (VRP) to increase security in the cash-in-transit sector. A speci?c index is used to quantify the exposure of a vehicle to the risk of being robbed along its route. In addition, the problem is subjected to a traditional capacity...

Based upon unique survey data collected using respondent driven sampling methods, we investigate whether there is a gender pay gap among social entrepreneurs in the UK. We find that women as social entrepreneurs earn 29% less than their male colleagues, above the average UK gender pay gap of...