In light of several recent awards ordering host states to pay costly compensation, the concern not to chill and immobilize governmental action by the prospect of large damages awards by invest treaty arbitration has been felt. On the other hand, it is often said that compelling a state by an...

One of the characteristics of Japan's manufacturing industry is being able to find throughout the country excellent small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) which are not dependent on a few specific customers and have highly competitive products as shown in the strong market shares domestically...

This paper attempts to show what kinds of collaborative organizational structures have been formed and managed by top managers of small- and medium-sized manufacturers and how they have acquired the capabilities to build inter-organizational collaborative relationships, using descriptive data on...

This paper verifies the real effects of fiscal consolidation using the empirical model built upon the theoretical explanations about the real effects of public debt accumulation elaborated in Shoji (2013), and it aims at identifying the mechanism of the economic stagnation characterized by low...

This paper analyzes the determinants and effects of e-commerce on firms' productivity using the longitudinal data from the Basic Survey of Japanese Business Structure and Activities (BSBSA). The main findings are as follows.(1) Excellent firms with higher productivity are more likely to utilize...

Amid the decreasing labor force caused by the low birthrate and the aging population, Japan urgently needs to increase the knowledge and productivity levels of each citizen in order to maintain economic growth for the future as a mature society. Against this background, it has become crucial to...

It has been perceived that many networks observed in the social sciences, including that involving inter-company, show the characteristics of a small world, in which many subjects are very closely related. Because the competitiveness of the Japanese industry is thought to depend on the strong...

While the Japanese economy has been characterized by historically low interest rates, in the euro area, the sovereign debt crisis has occurred due to the high risk premium required by investors. Recently, the bill related to the Comprehensive Reform of Social Security and Tax, which includes the...

The Japanese government has been offering meticulously designed policy measures to support small and medium enterprises (SMEs). This paper examines to what extent SMEs are actually aware of those measures based on findings from our original online survey, and attempts to identify and analyze the...

The purpose of this paper is first to analyze a negative supply shock due to "disrupted supply chains" caused by the earthquake and, secondly, to examine which of the policies to reconstruct the disaster-affected region is the most advisable way to proceed with the accumulation of the automotive...