Documentary evidence of the emergence and the eventual complete dominance of the Chinese mercantile traders (Sangleys) during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines is first presented. We identify the critical traits in the Sangley mercantile genome and the new contractual and...

Moral is a proverbial hidden variable in models of social games. Its importance is unquestioned but it ordinarily defies operational definition. We attempt here to parameterize its role and trace how it impacts on social production and welfare in a Nash-like bargaining games. Synergy is...

Implementable linear programming models have been developed for the allocation of family planning resources in developing countries. These models minimize births over a planning horizon subject to resource constraints. This choice of the objective function leads to nonpositive shadow prices,...

The recent decades have observed a new surge of invest in an important role for small- and medium-sized firms to play in economic development. They not only offer greater employment opportunities but can also be a potential source of indigenous industrialization. The present paper argues that...

This paper defines an aggregate demand function based on portfolio balance with three assets (money, bond and equities) and an aggregate supply function derived from the supply behavior of a representative price-setting firm. The money wage is endogenous but the usual result is a short-period...

Not seeing that the power of taxation of the state is the true expression of national patrimony in economic matters, the framers of the 1935 Constitution introduced provisions on the use and disposition of land and natural resources vesting exclusive rights of exploitation to citizens. This also...

This paper provides the algebra and a panel diagram to attempt to examine the so-called inflation- unemployment (or Phillips curve, or aggregate supply) example, the most popular example in the literature when introducing the concept of “time inconsistency” or “dynamic inconsistency”....