In this paper we address the long-run effects of childhood shocks on health in late adulthood. Applying a life … health outcomes after age fifty. Having lived in a children s home, in a foster family, or having suffered a period of hunger … and later health into a-priori unknown groups, we show that some adverse shocks have opposite effects for specific groups. …

, extend the empirical approach in two ways. First, we add health as an additional outcome di- mension. Second, we apply a semi …

Many studies suggest that years of formal schooling completed is the most important correlate of good health. There is … much less consensus as to whether this correlation reflects causality from more schooling to better health. The … relationship may be traced in part to reverse causality and may also reflect "omitted third variables" that cause health and …

parents left behind in the rural area. The impact of migration of the adult children on the health of their left … health care and nutrition; on the other hand, the migration necessarily reduces the amount of time the children have to take … adult children's migration on the health of the left-behind parents. Based on a linear probability model with instrumental …