The slagging and fouling characteristics of the heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) for ferrosilicon electric furnaces are discussed in this paper. Three ash samples were taken from the HRSG of a ferrosilicon furnace in Ningxia Province, China, which suffered from serious slagging and fouling....

The dispatching properties of power packets in indoor power line channel were investigated. A power packet is physically composed of a power payload and information signals. For evaluation, the arrival power ratio and the bit error rate were calculated by numerical simulation. The results are...

Pressure drop is an important consideration in Total Site Heat Integration (TSHI). This is due to the typically large distances between the different plants and the flow across plant elevations and equipment, including heat exchangers. Failure to consider pressure drop during utility targeting...

The agricultural sectors’ contribution to the provision of energy is a central issue in Horizon 2020 strategies and has shaped the public and research debates on the future of the bioeconomy. The common agricultural policy (CAP) has been one of the main drivers of farmers’ behavioural...

The volatility of wind power poses great challenges to the operation of power systems. This paper deals with the economic dispatch problems presented by energy storage in wind integrated systems. A policy iteration algorithm for deriving the cost optimal policy of real-time scheduling is...

To improve knowledge of the wind loads on photovoltaic structures mounted on flat roofs at the high angles required in high latitudes, and to study starting flow on low aspect ratio wind turbine blades, a series of wind tunnel tests were undertaken. Thin flat plates of aspect ratios between 0.4...

This paper proposes three probability models to assess the impact of communication delays and bit errors on differential protection. First, the mechanism of relay protection malfunction caused by communication delays and bit errors is introduced. In general, a channel’s consistent delay or bit...

Optimal power flow (OPF) objective functions involve minimization of the total fuel costs of generating units, minimization of atmospheric pollutant emissions, minimization of active power losses and minimization of voltage deviations. In this paper, a fuzzy multi-objective OPF model is...

We present a method for enhancing the spatial resolution of 2 m temperature (T_2m) estimates. The method is based on operational forecast data supplied by the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecast. From the hourly and monthly average 2-meter temperatures a vertical gradient is...

This paper explores real power generation planning, considering distributed generation resources and energy storage in a small standalone power system. On account of the Kyoto Protocol and Copenhagen Accord, wind and photovoltaic (PV) powers are considered as clean and renewable energies. In...