We examine the effects of the large-scale construction of public universities in Egypt during the 1960s and 1970s. We … outcome of university construction. Local universities reduced men's migration for study and women's migration for early …

effort and whether these effects are different for students we hypothesize may be more or less responsive to incentives. To … - place less weight on future benefits - were more responsive to the incentives, but we find no evidence that students who are … arguably more time constrained were less responsive to the incentives. …

We evaluate a Finnish student financing reform which created substantial financial incentives for on-time graduation … findings in the literature that students do not seem to process financial incentives well when framed as a loan. …