In this brief note describes the trajectory of the fractal models/multifractal F/M by Benoit Mandelbrot. The promise was discovered by the geometry of Mandelbrot covers a broad area of research fields, from meteorology and mathematical physics to the individual and collective behavior in...

Historians of economics have paid minimal attention to the diffusion of economic ideas in the textbook literature. Given the low esteem in which textbooks are held as embodiments of scholarship and the propensity of historians of economics - and intellectual historians generally - to focus on...

Socioeconomic stability with receding international conflict is closer at hand due to two modern developments: (1) A general recognition and acceptance of the permanent nuclear détente between major powers, allowing international cooperation for the common good; and (2) The deepening of...

Orthodox and heterodox theories of financial crises are hereby compared from a theoretical viewpoint, with emphasis on their genesis. The former view (represented by the fourth generation models of Paul Krugman) reflects the neoclassical vision whereby turbulence is an exception; the latter...

This introductory chapter explains the rationale of dedicating an entire volume to the study of a specific subject - crises and cycles - as discussed in dictionaries and encyclopedia. The first lies in the nature of writings prepared for such reference works, a truly scientific-literary genre...

This chapter offers a general bibliography of dictionaries of economics and related subjects, in so far as they contain a significant portion of economic entries, organized by compilers and by title, reporting all the relevant bibliographic data and retracing the editorial history. This...

This chapter outlines a history of specialized dictionaries in economics and allied disciplines, presenting them grouped by their scope in chronological order. The first dictionaries qualifying themselves as ‘economic' were in reality concerned with practical arts and agriculture (18th and...

Money throughout the world has been operating without a defined denominator. Currency names identify nationality but not value. Equal work time is now and has been the center line of gravity of currency exchange rates since the IMF began publishing the data to see it, since 1948. Adoption of an...

Economic thought has shifted its focus from an essentially normative approach, dealing with the question of justice, to an emphasis on efficiency and equilibria. This paper traces the changing perception of the issue of justice in the history of economic thought. Today, many heterodox economists...