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Catalytic Upgrading of Biomass Fast Pyrolysis Vapors with Nano Metal Oxides: An Analytical Py-GC/MS Study

Lu, Qiang; Zhang, Zhi-Fei; Dong, Chang-Qing; Zhu, Xi-Feng - In: Energies 3 (2010) 11, pp. 1805-1820

Fast pyrolysis of poplar wood followed with catalytic cracking of the pyrolysis vapors was performed using analytical pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). The catalysts applied in this study were nano MgO, CaO, TiO2, Fe2O3, NiO and ZnO. These catalysts displayed different...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011031352

Sustainability Criteria and Indicators for the Bio-Based Economy in Europe: State of Discussion and Way Forward

Fritsche, Uwe R.; Iriarte, Leire - In: Energies 7 (2014) 11, pp. 6825-6836

mainly for biomass for bioenergy. The basic and advanced sustainability indicators are identified and described with …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011031392

Double Distribution Activation Energy Model as Suitable Tool in Explaining Biomass and Coal Pyrolysis Behavior

Filippis, Paolo De; Caprariis, Benedetta de; Scarsella, … - In: Energies 8 (2015) 3, pp. 1730-1744

both gasification and combustion processes. The complex chemical reaction network occurring in this step leads to a …Understanding and modeling of coal and biomass pyrolysis assume particular importance being the first step occurring in … materials, which represent very different classes of energy source: a microalgae biomass and a sub-bituminous coal. The model …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011189168

The Impact of a Mild Sub-Critical Hydrothermal Carbonization Pretreatment on Umbila Wood. A Mass and Energy Balance Perspective

Cuvilas, Carlos Alberto; Kantarelis, Efthymios; Yang, … - In: Energies 8 (2015) 3, pp. 2165-2175

Over the last years, the pretreatment of biomass as a source of energy has become one of the most important steps of … biomass conversion. In this work the effect of a mild subcritical hydrothermal carbonization of a tropical woody biomass was …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011206962

The Socio-Demographic and Psychological Predictors of Residential Energy Consumption: A Comprehensive Review

Frederiks, Elisha R.; Stenner, Karen; Hobman, Elizabeth V. - In: Energies 8 (2015) 1, pp. 573-609

This article provides a comprehensive review of theory and research on the individual-level predictors of household …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011122495

The Smart Grids in China—A Review

Yu, Yanshan; Yang, Jin; Chen, Bin - In: Energies 5 (2012) 5, pp. 1321-1338

The concept of the smart grid has been gaining more and more attention worldwide since it was proposed by the U.S. Electric Power Research Institute in 2001. Recently, it has been propelled again by the promotion of low carbon economies in developing countries. To satisfy the exponential...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011030830

Recent Advances in the Characterization of Gaseous and Liquid Fuels by Vibrational Spectroscopy

Kiefer, Johannes - In: Energies 8 (2015) 4, pp. 3165-3197

Most commercial gaseous and liquid fuels are mixtures of multiple chemical compounds. In recent years, these mixtures … physical principles and review of the literature, the techniques are critically discussed and compared with each other. …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011262970

Ethanol, Corn, and Soybean Price Relations in a Volatile Vehicle-Fuels Market

Zhang, Zibin; Lohr, Luanne; Escalante, Cesar; … - In: Energies 2 (2009) 2, pp. 320-339

The rapid upward shift in ethanol demand has raised concerns about ethanol’s impact on the price level and volatility of agricultural commodities. The popular press attributes much of this volatility in commodity prices to a price bubble in ethanol fuel and recent deflation. Market economics...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010676108

Available Resources for Algal Biofuel Development in China

Huo, Shuhao; Dong, Renjie; Wang, Zhongming; Pang, Changle; … - In: Energies 4 (2011) 9, pp. 1321-1335

Microalgal biofuel research in China has made noticeable progress, and algae cultivation for biofuel production is considered to be an important contribution to Greenhouse Gas (GHG) mitigation and energy security. In this paper, the algal biofuel potentiality in China was reviewed from the...

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011030767

Cellular Cycling, Carbon Utilization, and Photosynthetic Oxygen Production during Bicarbonate-Induced Triacylglycerol Accumulation in a Scenedesmus sp.

Gardner, Robert D.; Lohman, Egan J.; Cooksey, Keith E.; … - In: Energies 6 (2013) 11, pp. 6060-6076

due to nutrient limitation, an environmental challenge (e.g., pH, light, temperature stress), or by chemical addition …

Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011031356