The mandatory nature of recommendations made by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK has highlighted inherent difficulties in the process of disinvestment in existing technologies to fund NICE-approved technologies. A lack of evidence on candidate...

The increased use of modelling techniques as a methodological tool in the economic evaluation of health care technologies has, in the main, been limited to two approaches – decision trees and Markov chain models. The former are suited to modelling simple scenarios that occur over a short time...

The mandatory nature of recommendations made by the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) in the UK has highlighted inherent difficulties in the process of disinvestment in existing technologies to fund NICE-approved technologies. A lack of evidence on candidate...

The aim of the current explorative study is to define and test a process for the valuation of the benefits associated with the prevention of non-fatal work-related accidents and ill health. A relativities approach is adopted, and monetary values for the prevention of three forms of work-related...

The n-of-1 trial is a particularly flexible form of randomized controlled trial that involves a single patient receiving multiple episodes of alternative therapies. Although n-of-1 trials are only applicable in certain treatment areas, the collection of economic data within such trials may...

Markov models have traditionally been used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of competing health care technologies that require the description of patient pathways over extended time horizons. Discrete event simulation (DES) is a more flexible, but more complicated decision modelling technique,...

We reviewed the clinical measures used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) economic evaluations with respect to their relevance and sensitivity to changes in survival, health-related quality of life (HR-QOL) and costs. We compared the measures from the economic perspective and discussed the validity of...

Background: MA17 was a randomised placebo-controlled trial of letrozole 2.5 mg/day in 5187 estrogen receptor-positive, 50% node-negative, postmenopausal women (median age 62 years at enrolment) with early breast cancer, post-5 years' adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. The objective of this evaluation...

Background: There remains uncertainty around the appropriate choice of adjuvant therapies to offer postmenopausal women with node-positive early breast cancer. Objective and study design: To present the results derived from a discrete event simulation (DES) model that compared tamoxifen plus...