. Oscar Gelderblom traces the successive rise of Bruges, Antwerp, and Amsterdam to commercial primacy between 1250 and 1650 … merchants, this book demonstrates how urban rivalry fostered the creation of open-access institutions in international trade. … all over Europe. Cities of Commerce intervenes in an important debate on the growth of trade in Europe before the …

was a dominant force in the expansion of trade between Europe and Asia, and she sheds light on the related problems of why … Free Trade locates the source of that success in the innovative policy by which the Company’s Court of Directors granted … employees the right to pursue their own commercial interests while in the firm’s employ. Exploring trade network dynamics …

was a dominant force in the expansion of trade between Europe and Asia, and she sheds light on the related problems of why … Free Trade locates the source of that success in the innovative policy by which the Company’s Court of Directors granted … employees the right to pursue their own commercial interests while in the firm’s employ. Exploring trade network dynamics …