Firms deliver a variety of services online, ranging from content, software and banking to entertainment and networking. This article examines a firm's pricing decision for online services. It first discusses how a firm's decision of pricing services online differs from offline pricing decisions....

This 2012 perspective of the 1987 Palgrave entry on ‘turnpike theory’ highlights the subsequent development of the subject in the light of a critical re-reading of the original. It distinguishes the 1949 conception, a response of Samuelson to a 1945 von Neumann challenge to the...

A mortgage is an exchange of a collection of rights between a borrower and a lender. In this article, we describe those rights and explain both their economic logic and their implications for economic analysis and policy. We briefly discuss the medieval origins of the American mortgage contract...

This article offers an analytic overview of India's achievements to date, what its future prospects are, what its rise means to the global economy in the next fifteen years and what challenges India faces in terms of future reforms. The article begins by presenting a summary of the country's...

Nursing homes are healthcare providers for persons, often elderly, who need assistance living with chronic illness. This article describes the main economic issues of supply and demand for nursing home care, including quality of care and long-term care insurance.Nursing home care is an important...

The London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) is a widely used indicator of funding conditions in the interbank market. As of 2013, LIBOR underpins more than $300 trillion of financial contracts, including swaps and futures, in addition to trillions more in variable rate mortgage and student loans....

Risk adjustment is used in settings with uncertainty to make payments or allow comparisons of outcomes while controlling for exogenous risk factors that explain variations in the outcome of interest, such as spending, utilisation, quality or death. This article focuses on the conceptual and...

Aid conditionality refers to the practice of donors attaching conditions to enhance the effectiveness of aid. The donor's prime objective is to reduce poverty, but recipients want to divert some of the aid to elites. This gives rise to two problems: adverse selection (aid does not go to the...

The global financial crisis that started in 2007 exposed the failure of governments and legislative bodies to regulate the banking industry adequately at a national and global level. Post-crisis reforms and structural changes have ensued: the switch from the G7 to the G20 for example and an...

This article emphasises that a key to understanding the (net) benefits of the Internet is to remember that all online activity has an offline context. People live their lives offline. Therefore, the fall in communication costs and the fall in distribution costs associated with the diffusion of...