Lorsque des économies d’échelle et de gamme sont simultanément présentes, le regroupement des établissements tend à réduire les coûts. De nombreuses études empiriques ont déjà établi qu’au-delà d’une certaine taille, les coûts des banques tendent à devenir proportionnels. Il...

The purpose of this paper is to show that the Gini index of equality is: (i) subgroup decomposable throughout interpersonal comparisons; (ii) decomposable by income source; (iii) decomposable both by subgroup and income source; (iv) and decomposable in a multidimensional context permitting...

This paper proposes techniques to test for whether growth has been pro-poor. We first review different definitions of pro-poorness and argue for the use of methods that can generate results that are robust over classes of pro-poor measures and ranges of poverty lines. We then provide statistical...

Economic growth generally refers to GDP growth. The studies on the link between growth and poverty dynamic (Datt and Ravallion, 1992; Kakwani, 1997; Shorrocks, 1999) measure growth by mean household per capita expenditures. Furthermore, many countries experience at the same time economic growth and...

This paper extends familiar results on the optimal pricing of publicly provided goods and price cap regulations in a stochastic dominance framework. The key advantage is that the assessment as to whether pricing or price cap reforms are poverty reducing or welfare improving is not contingent on...

The paper tests a model of trade in manufacturing products of major G7 countries for the period 1974-1990. Earlier studies demonstrated that market shares are a function of relative export prices (unit export values) and a proxy for the comparative technological advantage (share of international...

The intermediation approach considers banks’ liabilities as inputs to produce loans and other banking assets. We show that measures of banking efficiency and productivity are biased when there is an incomplete coverage of assets and liabilities. The bias can be eliminated with a complete...