Energy storage units have become important components in residential micro-cogeneration (MCG) systems. As MCG systems are often connected to single residences or buildings in a wide variety of settings, they are frequently unique and highly customized. Lithium-ion batteries have recently gained...

With the aging of Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) of electric vehicles in the near future, research on the second use of retired LIBs is becoming more and more critical. The classification method of the retired LIBs is challenging before the second use due to large cell variations. This paper...

A fuzzy logic-based energy management strategy for a hybrid power system used in electric vehicles was developed and verified in this paper. First, the topology structure of a hybrid power system was put forward that the ultracapacitors connected with the battery pack in parallel after a...

This paper reviews the heat dissipation performance of battery pack with different structures (including: longitudinal battery pack, horizontal battery pack, and changing the position of air-inlet and air-outlet) and operation conditions (including: SOC state, charge and discharge rate, and...

Identification of cell SOC (state-of-charge) inconsistency for LiFePO4 battery packs is challenging due to the demanding conditions in hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) and the relatively flat SOC–OCV (open circuit voltage) curve of LiFePO4 cells compared to others. We experimentally investigate...

In this work, a novel acausal and reconfigurable battery pack model is presented. The model structure adopted for the battery cell is based on an equivalent circuit representation. The circuit elements are modified to take account of both hysteresis and diffusion limitation. The latter is known...

With the aging of Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) of electric vehicles in the near future, research on the second use of retired LIBs is becoming more and more critical. The classification method of the retired LIBs is challenging before the second use due to large cell variations. This paper...

This paper proposes a novel battery cell balancing topology with reduced component count and simplified control. The balancing algorithm is based on the state of charge (SOC) of each individual cell instead of cell voltage. The principle of the proposed topology is analyzed and verified through...

Lifetime testing of batteries for hybrid-electrical vehicles (HEV) is usually performed in the lab, either at the cell, module or battery pack level. Complementary field tests of battery packs in vehicles are also often performed. There are, however, difficulties related to field testing of...

The spinel LiMn2O4 powders were prepared by sol–gel technique using lithium acetate (Li(CH3COO) · 2H2O) and manganese acetate (Mn(CH3COO)2 · 4H2O) as starting materials, citric acid as a chelating agent, and acrylamide as a gel formatting agent. In order to improve the electrochemical...