Traditionally, accept/reject decisions in consumer credit are based on credit scoring models empirically derived for a specific country/portfolio. Yet with the progress in E.U. integration lenders are faced with the necessity to assess the risk of multinational credit applicants which will...

This paper uses micro data from four OECD countries (the United States, Spain, Italy, and the Netherlands), to assess the determinants of household debt holding and to investigate whether or not credit constraints are important for household debt holding. We extend the existing literature in...