development of government spending in major sections shapes the political institutions in Iran. This question has become … especially important due to recent international sanctions, aiming to change the political behavior of Iran. We use the impulse … provision spending in Iran. The results imply that a shock in positive changes of democratic quality of institutions leads to …

Der Iran verfügt nach Saudi-Arabien über die größten nachgewiesenen Ölreserven und nach Russland über die größten … eigenen Energiebedarfs Spielraum zu haben, will der Iran auch Kernkraftwerke betreiben und eine Urananreicherungsanlage … Iran zum Verzicht auf den Bau einer solchen Anlage zu bewegen und bietet dafür eine intensive Kooperation bei der …

growth in only six of the seventeen countries, namely Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey. Second, our results … squares test confirms that Okun's Law is stable in Algeria, Egypt, and Iran, unstable in Jordan, and ambiguous in Lebanon and …

In this study, we embark on measuring inequality in Iran. We compute three measures of group-based inequality (Group …

period 1973-2008 in Iran based on Eviews and Mathematica Software. The findings indicate that all variables, including coin …

is to find out if the impact of adopting Industry 4.0 on the labor markets of Iran and Japan would be the same, and to … make analysis to find out whether this change is possible for Iran and Japan with their current infrastructures, economy …, and policies. With the present situation of Iran in science, technology, and economy, it will be years before Iran could …

southeast of Iran, in March to April 2015. The open-ended method was used to estimate monthly WTP in private and altruistic …

This article is focused on relations between the European Union and Iran after the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action … (JCPOA). The nuclear deal gave Iran a unique chance for developing cooperation with the EU. There are challenges to this …, last but not least, the United States’ unilateral withdrawal from the JCPOA. The failure of the EU’s policy towards Iran …