The politically motivated replacement in local governments is a pervasive fact in our modern democracies. Whether it has causal effects on the quality of public services, such as education, is a critical question and yet understudied. This paper uses a regression discontinuity design (RDD) for...

Part I: Sources of uncertainty, risk, and imprecision -- Sources of Uncertainty in Location Analysis -- Risk, hazard and exposure time in Hazmat Location and Routing -- Customer related uncertainties in Facility Location Problems -- Part II: Models that protect against acts of nature, attackers,...