Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the relatively rules-based US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) and the more principles-based International Accounting Standards/International Financial Reporting Standards (IAS/IFRS) provide different opportunities for...

To address financial shortage for public service provision, a government may delegate service provision to a private firm subject to regulation in service price or wait time, or jointly finance, own, and run a service system with the firm. However, the conflict between the government's and...