Economic theories of information gathering, strategic behavior, opportunism, and response to externalities afford logical interpretations of various marketing phenomena.

Consumers gather information about quality either by prepurchase investigationâsearch, or by actual trial consumptionâexperience. Search is more likely for goods bought infrequently, or for which search costs are low, or the quality is highly uncertain. Experience is more likely under the...

A measure of number of steps in the wholesale distribution chain is proposed and calculated for Japan, the United States, and Germany and for different kinds of business within Japan and within the United States. Economic factors that influence the number of wholesale steps in the distribution...

The demand for goods like seasonal fashion apparel is uncertain but the lead time needed for production is long, and so it is necessary to set the production quantity before the demand is fully known. Once sale begins, if demand is less than anticipated, the price will be low. In a futile...

Using a stochastic frontier production model proposed by Battese and Coelli (1995), the paper estimates the levels of technical efficiency of 233 smallholder maize farmers in Tanzania and provides an empirical analysis of the determinants of inefficiency with the aim of finding way to increase...