In small business lending the four-eyes principle leads loan officers to propose inflated credit ratings for their clients. Inflated ratings are, however, anticipated and corrected by the credit officers responsible for approving credit assessments. More experienced loan officers inflate those...

I analyze whether the higher financing costs following the idiosyncratic bankruptcy or default of one firm affect the real investment decisions of non-distressed competitors. Results show that firms which are more affected by the higher financing costs (“treated firms”) reduce investment by...

With the liberalization of global power markets, modeling of exchange traded electricity contracts has attracted significantly the attention of both academic and industry. In this paper we offer an overview of the most common deseasonalization techniques and modeling approaches in the...

This paper analyzes the reaction of the S&P 500 returns to changes in implied volatility given by the VIX index, using a daily data sample from 1990 to 2012. We found that in normal regimes increases (declines) in the expected market volatility result in lower (higher) subsequent stock market...

We propose a novel regime-switching approach for the simulation of electricity spot prices that is inspired by the class of fundamental models and takes into account the relation between spot and forward prices. Additionally the model is able to reproduce spikes and negative prices. Market...

The current financial crisis brought light to a large banking sector that existed for decades within the “darkness” of the financial system - the shadow banking sector. Shadow bank assets are widely traded in the financial markets and shadow banking activities are intertwined with the daily...

Taking advantage of a trades-and-quotes database, the main stylized facts and dynamic properties of a time series related to spot precious metals, that is, gold, silver, palladium, and platinum, are documented. The behavior of spot prices, returns, volume, and selected liquidity measures is...