of spatial correlation we estimate the convergence rate of wages across Kazakh regions for the period 2003-2009. The … there is slight divergence in the GRP per capita. It is argued that convergence in wages which coincides with divergence in …

wages of less skilled natives and a small positive effecton the wages of high skilledworkers as new immigrants are less … national survey of the SEO and the Population statistics ofthe CBS. Firstly, the directeffect of immigrants on local labour … skillednatives are a little adverselyaffected by immigrants. …

below where they would be assigned based on their skills. Downgrading leads to immigrants receiving lower returns to the …Upon arrival to a new country, many immigrants face job downgrading, a phenomenon describing workers being in jobs far … same skills than natives. The level of downgrading could depend on the type of immigrant and numerous factors. This study …

We provide first evidence of the impact of over-education, among natives and immigrants, on firm-level productivity and … wages. We use Belgian linked panel data and rely on the methodology from Hellerstein et al. (1999) to estimate ORU (over … higher for natives than for immigrants. However, since the differential in productivity gains associated with over …