Canada's natural capital — its resources, ecosystems and wildlife — are indispensable to the productivity of industry. Despite this, both the public and private sectors have failed to adequately factor in the consequences of production and consumption on the natural environment. There is a...

For effective mitigation of the current severe economic crisis, developing countries can seize real opportunities for cleaner growth, including low-carbon growth. While complex and long, the process of greening economies can and should be gradually piloted towards selected “poles of clean...

Currencies play an important role in facilitating trade and economic growth. Shifts in currency values may lead to economic dislocations hindering trade and growth. Most currencies are issued by government central banks. These central banks hold assets in the form of government debt and gold...

This paper reviews Ghana's recent experience on downstream petroleum products pricing and deregulation and looks at its implications for the nation's energy security. The Government of Ghana in June 2015 put in place a deregulation policy that had the expectation of allowing marketers and...

This study examines national GHG inventories prepared by Australia, China, Germany, Japan, and the United States, and highlights how the inventories of different countries—though following the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas...

The ECT hinders EU climate and investment policy objectives. This piece explores the low likelihood of successful “modernization,” the EU’s role in convincing partners that it would be best to terminate the ECT, and steps for the EU to exit the treaty and neutralize its sunset clause

The 2009 Africa Mining Vision (AMV) provides guidance for the industrialization of African countries by leveraging their mining sector. However, the global context has changed since its adoption. As a result, it does not include guidance on how governments should embrace the climate change...

Human activity has been continuously harming our planet’s eco-system, and we have reached an unprecedented level of urgency. According to the International Panel on Climate Change, we have caused virtually 100% of the global warming of the past century. Undeniably, finance plays a vital role...

Whether or not the federal government should price carbon continues to be debated. There were several scholarly pieces examining the relative advantages and disadvantages of cap and trade v. a carbon tax at the time of Congressional Debate on the American Clean Energy and Security Act in 2010....

North Dakota is uniquely, and largely favorably, situated to benefit from hydraulic fracturing, and has already reaped many such benefits. During the recent economic crisis, North Dakota’s housing market has been stable, unemployment has been remarkably low, and the state has maintained a...