In the last years sanitation companies have restrained their investments, not just due to the fact that the necessary resources of the sector exceed by far the classic possibilities of the national budgets financing, but also due to the fact that the traditional solution of external financings...

Water is one of the most valuable natural resources in the West Bank, Palestine. Due to its limited availability, it is a resource that needs particular protection. Although agriculture consumes most of the water (70%) in the West Bank, the domestic water supply is strategically not less...

Irrigation with wastewater supports agricultural production and the livelihoods of millions of smallholder farmers in many parts of the world. Considering the importance of better wastewater management at the local and national levels, there is a need for updated national data on wastewater...

A more efficient and sustainable use of available water resources, especially in arid and semiarid areas, is a real challenge for many countries. The reutilization of treated wastewater for irrigation purposes is becoming more widespread in many places around the world because of its positive...

An experimental field study was performed during the growing season to assess water and nutrient balances in a paddy field over a 3-year period. The plots were separated according to irrigation water: groundwater (TR#1), wastewater (TR#2), and filtered wastewater with ultraviolet (UV) treatment...

This study investigated the effects of irrigation using treated sewage effluent (TSE) combined with nitrogen (N) fertilization on the productivity and quality of bermudagrass, and on its economic feasibility under tropical conditions. The treatments employed were SI – no irrigation and no...