as the effect of each variable has become stronger and a positive trend is present since 1990. The effect of productivity …

Historical data for over hundred years and 14 countries is used to estimate the long-run effect of productivity on the … real exchange rate. We find large variations in the productivity effect across four distinct monetary regimes in the sample … argue that changes in trade costs over time may affect the impact of productivity on the real exchange rate over time. We …

Historical data for over hundred years and 14 countries is used to estimate the long-run effect of productivity on the … real exchange rate. We find large variations in the productivity effect across four distinct monetary regimes in the sample … argue that changes in trade costs over time may affect the impact of productivity on the real exchange rate over time. We …

Historical data for over hundred years and 14 countries is used to estimate the long-run effect of productivity on the … real exchange rate. We find large variations in the productivity effect across four distinct monetary regimes in the sample … argue that changes in trade costs over time may affect the impact of productivity on the real exchange rate over time. We …

productivity and restructuring. Unlike previous studies we are able to account for the heterogeneity across firms in their exposure … by increasing productivity. The RER shock was associated with substantial within-firm productivity gains for net … exporters; gains that seem to have come about partly through technological improvements. The productivity gains also appear to …

, relative productivity, the trade balance and terms of trade. Countries with higher productivity, trade deficits or improved …

interdependencies between the terms of trade and economic growth are offered: the home market effect and the productivity shock effect …