There is growing debate about whether consumer subsidies related to nutrition programs should be more flexible. Additional flexibility increases consumer welfare, but may hinder efforts towards achieving nutrition goals. We study how consumers would respond to subsidy designs with different...

Based on the “ABC” approach targeted to assess all available sources of financing (official development finance, private investment, domestic resources, and remittances), the Viet Nam country pilot study explores the challenges of transition finance in a middle-income country in the...

The Zambia country pilot study was conducted by the OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) to explore the challenges of transition finance for a commodity-based Least Developed Country (LDC). In particular, debt sustainability concerns are viewed within the context of the shifting financing...

This article calls into question the Pigovian justifications for higher taxes on goods and services that generate negative externalities. Insisting on a Pigovian tax as a precautionary measure only makes sense if it replaces all preexisting subsidies, taxes, and regulations rather than being...

This article considers the judgment of the D.C. Circuit in Cross Refined Coal, which addressed whether a business venture that was guaranteed to be unprofitable pretax could still be considered a bona fide partnership for federal income tax purposes. In previous work, we analyzed the Tax...

This paper reviews recent developments in the study of the so-called double dividend, i.e., the possibility of improving the environment and, at the same time, reducing the distortions of the tax system through revenue-neutral green taxes. Recent modeling advances are considered at both the...

This paper briefly introduces the special preferential economic policies implemented by the Chinese government in ethnic minority areas. For statistical comparison and analysis, the authors divide China into ethnic minority economic zones and non ethnic minority economic zones. In some analyses,...

The need to determine whether a taxpayer is engaged in a “trade or business” arises frequently. Although the term “trade or business” is used throughout the IRC and the associated regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations, it is not defined explicitly. In some ways this is...

In this article, we provide general observations about how tax practitioners are beginning to learn how to leverage the insights of machine learning to “crack the tax code.” We also examine how tax practitioners are using machine learning to quantify risks for their clients and ensure that...