This paper reviews the state of field of nanotechnology in concrete technology field. The outstanding chemical any physical property of nanomaterials helps in structural reinforcement and redemption of environmental pollution, and also in producing self cleaning materials. Concrete is one of the...

The report said that 30 to 40% of all of the primary energy sources used worldwide have used in buildings. This energy use may directly or indirectly affects in the environment. Also it causes the changes in climate, degrades the environment and increases the air pollution. These building do not...

We study the effect of a two-to-one merger on R&D activity in a dynamic model in which there is uncertainty about the feasibility of innovation. Once an innovation has already taken place, the merger may block future innovations (cannibalization effect). The merger may increase the probability...

We analyse a simple model of dynamic moral hazard in which there is a clear and tractable trade-off between static and dynamic incentives. In our model, a principal wants an agent to complete a project. The agent undertakes unobservable effort, which affects in each period the probability that...