This paper derives a general equilibrium of the Heckscher-Ohlin model. The equalized factor price at the equilibrium is just the price that Dixit and Norman (1980) described in their Integrated World Equilibrium (IWE), i.e. that equalized factor price and common commodity price remain the same...

This study derived the solution of general trade equilibrium by the Trefler Hicks-Neutral HOV Model (Trefler model), which reflects productivities different across countries. The study found that the Trefler model is with a single diversification cone of commodity price , although it is with two...

The price-trade equilibrium as a central task of international economics is not fulfilled yet, even for the simplest 2x2x2 Heckscher-Ohlin model, due to its complexities. This paper explored the equilibrium by a simple geometrical derivation within the IWE. The study demonstrated that the...

This study derived the solution of general trade equilibrium for the 2×2×2 Trefler Hicks-Neutral HOV Model (Trefler, 1993), which incorporates productivities different across countries. This is the first theoretical result of price-trade equilibrium under factor price non-equalization. The...

في أعقاب الحرب العالمية الثانيةوعلى إثر الأعطاب التي أفرزتها، تظافرت الجهود في سياق ترميم تلكم الاختلالات المتعددة الصُعد، وقد ارتكزت السياسات الإصلاحية في...

Dixit and Norman provided a remarkable result for the factor price equalization, as that world prices for commodities and equalized factor prices remain the same when the allocation of factor endowments of two countries changes within the parallelogram formed by the rays of diversification cone...

The trade pattern can be counted as the number one topic for international economics. Based either on the concept of Trefler’s effective factor endowments (Trfler, 1993) or on the concept of Fisher and Marshall’s virtual factor endowments (Fisher and Marshall, 2008), the trade pattern...

Dixit and Norman (1980) provided a remarkable result of integrated world equilibrium that the world prices remain the same when the allocation of factor endowments of two countries changes within the parallelogram formed by the rays of diversification cone. What structure are for the prices?...

Do export sanctions cause export deflection? Data on Iranian non-oil exporters between January 2006 and June 2011 shows that two-thirds of these exports were deflected to non-sanctioning countries after sanctions were imposed in 2008, and that at this time aggregate exports actually increased....

It is argued that compared with large countries, small countries rely more on trade and therefore they are more likely to adopt liberal trading policies. The present paper extends this idea beyond the conventional trade openness measures by analyzing the relationship between country size and the...