differentiated standards with transfers when strictly identical countries deal with transboundary pollution. We especially ask what …

problems appear constrained in the sense that either monetary transfers accompany uniform abatement standards (agreements based … on a uniform standard with monetary transfers), or differentiated abatement standards are established but without … monetary transfers (agreements based on differentiated standards). For two asymmetric countries facing the challenge of a …

Conventionally, standards are considered as a governance tool in the production system in a one-directional and … standards, such one-way flows may become consolidated into two-way interlinkages when power balances themselves reverse with the … development of collective capability in catching-up countries. In such a context, standards increasingly act as a catalyst for …

International standards, as well as knowledge management with concepts of quality management in public passenger transport in …

Community beyond 2015. Standards and conformance assessment measures, while seeking to ensure quality and safety of products for … towards standards harmonisation in the ASEAN priority sectors of integration and in bringing about regulatory convergence …

active role in establishing access and equity, standards and quality assurance, teacher training and funding, and the …

This paper considers the contribution of voluntary consensus based standards, as developed through the British … Standards Institution (BSI), to collective learning and productivity growth in Britain. It discusses the pivotal contribution of … professional engineers to the establishment of a committee based national standards setting body that developed an important model …

Non-state actors are increasingly engaged in authoritative decision-making over standards. As a result, frameworks for … government cooperation. Typically, these privately set standards help underpin cross-border exchanges, and increasingly help …

coherence of this strategy, we analyse the ability of these consortia to produce standards. Bearing in mind the exploratory … innovation?, they find it difficult to produce consortia standards by means of vertical coordination. Equally, we consider … various scenarios dealing with the construction of standards, examining in particular horizontal collaboration between these …