This paper gives insights into the possible trade creating effects of service trade liberalization via Mode 4. In particular we expect that temporary movements of persons, like permanent movements, have the potential to reduce transaction costs for merchandise trade between home and host...

It has become increasingly common to produce goods in a number of geographically dispersed stages linked by international trade. This tendency, known by names such as production fragmentation, processing trade, and vertical specialization, has important implications for the analysis of nontariff...

This paper estimates the impact of liberalization of temporary movements of individual service suppliers on trade in goods and services. In particular, the paper looks at the impact of the so-called forth mode to provide a service on trade in services under the other three modes: cross-border...

The choice of a foreign firm's entry mode into a host country is a strategic decision which impacts its future survival and success in other countries. By employing multinomial logit regression, this study aims to investigate the impact of the firm's level of financial data on the entry mode...

Scholars argue that multinational corporations tend to locate their investments in countries with lower employment protections to avoid potential future exit costs if an unfavourable event occurs. Yet, empirical results are highly inconsistent. The main objective of this study is to examine the...

A country's visa policies are widely assumed to have economic consequences. In this short paper, I examine the effect of the ease with which a country's citizens can enter foreign countries on international trade. Using a specification of the gravity model that avoids the endogeneity problems...

This paper uses a gravity framework to investigate the effects of distance as well as subnational and national borders in knowledge spillovers. Drawing on the NBER Patent Citations Database, we examine patent citations data at metropolitan level within the U.S. and the 38 largest patent-cited...

In this paper, we review the theoretical and empirical literature on capital flight. First, we discuss the measurement of capital flight. Next, we provide information on the magnitude as well as the ‘burden’ of capital flight for a selected set of developing countries in four regions of the...

The study addresses methodological and conceptual issues related to the measurement, perception and economic interpretation of FDI (foreign direct investment) flows, focusing on reinvested earnings (RE). Using Hungarian data for the period 2008-2014 as an example, we review the effects of two...

The article considers the theoretical and methodological approaches to global value chains when measuring international trade. Global trends in the modern development of international trade are analysed, and the main challenges of international trade policy for Ukraine are characterised. It is...