This paper studies cartels' strategic behavior in delaying leniency applications, a take-up decision that has been ignored in the previous literature. Using European Commission decisions issued over a 16-year span, we show, contrary to common beliefs and the existing literature, that...

This paper studies cartels’ strategic behavior in delaying leniency applications, a take-up decision that has been ignored in the previous literature. Using European Commission decisions issued over a 16-year span, we show, contrary to common beliefs and the existing literature, that...

We document changes in aggregate dividend payments by Canadian firms over the period 1989-2021, which covers both the “disappearing” (1989-2002) and the reappearing periods (2003-2021) previously noted for U.S firms. In Canada, the changes are mainly driven by the changes in the number of...

This paper proposes a brand-new measure of energy efficiency at household level and explores how it is affected by household access to credit. We calculate the energy intensity and carbon intensity of the related sectors, which experience a substantial decline from 2005 to 2019. Although there...

We investigate cartelists’ merger behavior using European Commission (EC) cartel decisions over a 28-year span and information on cartelists’ merger activities over the last 30 years. We find that mergers occur frequently. But they cluster in a few particular industries and usually include...

We investigate cartelists' merger behavior using European Commission (EC) cartel decisions over a 28-year span and information on cartelists' merger activities over the last 30 years. We find that mergers occur frequently but that they cluster in a few particular industries and usually include...

This paper presents a macroscopic dynamic modeling framework for road traffic emissions in an urban city that has numerous central business districts (CBDs). The framework combines a two-dimensional (2D) continuum dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) model that captures macroscopic features of...

Black-odor water not only completely loses the function, but also seriously affects the environment landscape and human health. Aiming at the problems of high cost and low activity of catalysts for black-odor waters treatment by catalytic ozonation technology, this paper fabricated a stable...

In 2018, the price index of the Chinese A-share market experienced a turbulent loss, exposing many privately listed companies with share pledges to liquidation risk, which might then lead to systematic risks. The central Government encouraged local governments and financial institutions to set...

This paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the adjustments of dividends and share repurchases of publicly listed firms in the G-7 countries. Firms in the United Kingdom, Germany, France, and Italy experienced a widespread cut in dividends, while firms in the United States and...