When studying the problem of the emergence of superstars, scholars face great difficulties in measuring talent … of outliers (superstars). In this paper we use an original dataset from the Pokemon trading card game in which (i) there …. This allows to identify superstars, i.e. individuals that are sold at a price which represents several times their …

high-quality artistic creation, Rosen's superstars phenomenon, and the role played by promotion costs. Introducing them …

emphasizes three important aspects of artistic markets: the predominance of superstars, the dynamics of talent sorting, and the … importance of promotion expenditures. In the short run, piracy reduces superstars’ earnings and market share, and increases the … equipment may crucially depend on whether their yields primarily accrue to superstars or are allocated to help young artists. …

models accounting for these facts: a model of superstars (Rosen, 1981), a model of compensating wage differential (Lucas … these models. I conclude that the model of superstars fits better the data than the models of moral hazard and compensating …