The main objective of this paper is to identify the causal relationship that exists between agricultural value added per worker and Gross Domestic Product per capita in Europe. More specifically, the role of agriculture in economic growth is examined with special emphasis to the differences and...

Our mandate was to consider the economic feasibility and possible impact of a free trade agreement between the European Union and Armenia. The study has been conducted by a group of researchers from Poland, Ukraine, UK, US and Armenia. All have worked on this project in an independent capacity....

Our mandate was to consider the economic feasibility and possible impact of a free trade agreement between the European Union and Georgia. The study has been conducted by a group of researchers from Poland, Ukraine, UK, US and Georgia. All have worked on this project in an independent capacity....

This paper is the final report of a research project whose aim was to analyse the methodology of calculating the costs and benefits for the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovenia of the envisaged accession to the European Union. The research focused particularly on the impact of the...

This paper explores the impact of the South Asian Free Trade Area (SAFTA) agreement on food security by using a gravity model to examine the regional changes in trade in agricultural products. This is followed by a discussion of how this might affect the four dimensions of food security,...

Regional integration in Africa is underway but ongoing progress requires that the gains are widely spread. South Africa's huge regional trade surplus in manufactured goods is already leading to protectionist pressures in neighbouring countries. Agro-processing is a large sector, which is widely...

The BRICS are characterized by the diversity of energy systems, socioeconomic structures, and institutional frameworks. Therefore, the energy transition process assumes particular trends in each country. Despite the high share of fossil fuels in the energy mix, the BRICS are engaged in promoting...

Erdgas ist für Deutschland in den letzten drei Dekaden immer wichtiger geworden, sei es für das Heizen von Gebäuden, die Bereitstellung von Prozesswärme in der Industrie oder die Stromerzeugung. Dabei ist die Importabhängigkeit bei Erdgas in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten auf fast 100 Prozent...

This paper uses detailed information on the latitude and longitude of conflict events within a set of Sub-Saharan African countries to study the impact of external income shocks on the likelihood of violence. We consider a number of external demand shocks faced by the country or the regions...

We analyze the way in which Latin American countries have adjusted to commodity terms of trade (CTOT) shocks in the 1970-2007 period. Specifically, we investigate the degree to which the active management of international reserves and exchange rates impacted the transmission of international...