This paper examines how threshold uncertainty affects cooperative behaviors in each of public goods provision and public bads prevention. The intent is mainly motivated by the following facts. First, resource and environmental problems can be either framed as public bads prevention or public...

This paper evaluates the production activities of Japanese airports from 1987-2005 by using the directional slacks-based Inefficiency Data Envelopment Analysis model. Three measures of efficiency are estimated: the SBI-directional slacks-based inefficiency measure, the directional distance...

This study distinguishes factor/output substitution and shift of production technology frontiers. Our model includes by-product of carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions, in which the function requires the simultaneous reductions of the emissions and expansion of good outputs. On world...

Chapter 6 from the forthcoming Inclusive Wealth Report 2022 looks at human capital in greater detail, based on the latest human capital estimates from the Inclusive Wealth Report (IWR) project. In the chapter, which is repeated here, the growth of human capital and several of its constituent...

When energy consumption becomes an important contributor to climate change due to carbon dioxide emission, household energy consumption behavior attracts a growing body of attention from scholars and policy makers. This study first illustrates 37 nations’ household energy consumption with...