This paper examines the empirical question of whether free trade is harmful or beneficial for the environment. Using a comprehensive panel data for 63 developed and developing countries over 1960-1999, the result for CO2 suggests further trade liberalization will increase the emissions with the...

This paper explores how threshold uncertainty affects cooperative behaviors in each of public goods provision and public bads prevention. The following facts motivate our study. First, resource and environmental problems can be either framed as public bads prevention or public goods provision....

According to the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis, economic growth and the reduction of environmental degradation are compatible goals. An inverted U-shaped relationship between economic performance and environmental pollution suggests that, empirically, an economy is associated with...

The impact of environmental policy on international trade has received a great deal of attention over the decades. Theory predicts that the relative level of a country's environmental policy, technology, and factor endowments will jointly determine international trade and specialisation. This...

Generally, trade flows of commodities are determined on the basis of the principle of comparative advantage in a free trade system. The objectives of this study are to evaluate factors affecting the export flows and to provide a comprehensive analysis of the effects of trade enhancing and...

We identify determinants of plant dynamics and find their differences before, during, and after the Asian financial crisis. The results show that the distinction of the crisis is important and the effects of the crisis do not seem to persist after 1998. Furthermore, we reject Gibrat's law as the...

Theoretically, more openness in trade may affect the environment positively or negatively. This paper empirically tests the hypothesis that trade openness is good for the environment. While the results reject the hypothesis for sulphur dioxide emissions from 1960 to 1999 for all 115 countries,...

This paper considers how environmental problems affect economic growth. In order to explain the relationship between the economy and the environment, we impose the law of mass conservation and its corollary, the mass balance principle, and consider pollution from both production and consumption...