We hypothesize that the timing of the fertility transition is an important determinant of comparative physiological …, economically and physiologically. Empirically, the timing of the fertility transition is strongly correlated with average body size …

not a strictly binding constraint. To investigate whether such adjustments could apply to fertility, we estimate the … fertility cost of temperature shocks by shifting conception month. This dynamic adjustment helps explain the observed decline in … on our analysis of historical changes in the temperature-fertility relationship, we conclude air conditioning could be …

fertility and maternal labor supply. Identification is achieved by exploiting variation in the supply-side's incentives to … estimates show that a non-planned CD at parity one decreases life cycle fertility by almost 17 percent. This reduction in … fertility translates into a temporary increase in maternal employment. …

fertility and maternal labor supply. Identification is achieved by exploiting variation in the supply-side's incentives to … estimates show that a non-planned CD at parity one decreases life cycle fertility by almost 17 percent. This reduction in … fertility translates into a temporary increase in maternal employment. …

nutrition of their offspring. In this setting we demonstrate that relatively high metabolic costs of fertility, which may have …

Migrationmay affect fertility and child health care of those remaining in the country of origin.Mexican data show that …

fertility on parental investments and on women's labour supply that use twin births to instrument fertility will tend to be …

This paper studies the effect of the 1918-19 influenza pandemic on fertility using a historical dataset from Sweden …. Our results suggest an immediate reduction in fertility driven by morbidity, and additional behavioral effects driven by … mortality. We find some evidence of community rebuilding and replacement fertility, but the net long-term effect is fertility …

implies that estimates of impacts of fertility on parental investments and on women's labour supply that use twin births to … instrument fertility will tend to be downward biased. This is pertinent given the emerging consensus that these relationships are …

Twin births are often used to instrument fertility to address (negative) selection of women into fertility. However …, twin-IV estimates will tend to be upward biased. This is pertinent given the emerging consensus that fertility has limited …