This paper estimates the dispersion of GDP per capita among Brazilian municipalities, from 1920 to 2016, and between it's states, from 1939 to 2017, by Gini index calculus. The results confirm Williamson's hypothesis (1965), that the dynamic of regional inequalities describe an inverted U...

We present a simple reproducible methodology for constructing regional capital stock data, which we apply to Israel. We find that capital deepening has been sigma-convergent since 1985. This process is "inverted" since capital stocks and capital-labor ratios in the richer center have been...