resource endowments. Over the last couple of years, industry in Ghana, dominated since independence by the manufacturing …This paper chronicles the evolution of industry in Ghana over the post-independence era from an inward over …-protected import substitution industrialization strategy of 1960-83 to an outward liberalized strategy during 1984-2000, and since 2001 …

resource endowments. Over the last couple of years, industry in Ghana, dominated since independence by the manufacturing …This paper chronicles the evolution of industry in Ghana over the post-independence era from an inward over …-protected import substitution industrialization strategy of 1960-83 to an outward liberalized strategy during 1984-2000, and since 2001 …

manufacturing in the region, describe three distinct time periods of industrialization since 1990, and explain the nature of I4 …In this paper we determine the industry 4.0 (I4.0) readiness of eight Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs … could do more to promote entrepreneurship; to diversify and grow manufacturing export markets through focused trade …

diversification. It assesses productive linkages and manufacturing competitiveness during import-substitution industrialization and …This paper traces the role of local content in Zambia's mining sector in supporting industrialization and economic … productivity and export competitiveness during import-substitution industrialization, that era was successful in terms of domestic …

structural transformation toward industrialization, manufacturing in particular. Workers moved out of agriculture into … manufacturing, and the sector diversified and upgraded its structure. Manufacturing activities are subject to increasing returns to … scale, and many manufacturing goods have high income elasticities of demand. For these reasons, manufacturing is referred to …

while the manufacturing sector contributed only 4 per cent to GDP in 2011. The economic transformation agenda, otherwise … known as Nigeria Vision 20: 2020, sets the direction for the current industrial policy in Nigeria. The industrialization …

services now perform functions previously expected from manufacturing. A third variety of future industrialization is labelled …This paper shows that African economies have generally not de-industrialized, that manufacturing growth is very … possible, and moreover that the contribution of manufacturing in Africa has been underestimated. As far as the future is …